![]() These ligands typically have rigid backbones. For MOFs, typical bridging ligands are di- and tricarboxylic acids. MOF-5, for example, has a pcu net.Īttached to the SBUs are bridging ligands. Each topology, also called a net, is assigned a symbol, consisting of three lower-case letters in bold. Subunits of a MOF, called secondary building units (SBUs), can be described by topologies common to several structures. To describe and organize the structures of MOFs, a system of nomenclature has been developed. In contrast to MOFs, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are made entirely from light elements (H, B, C, N, and O) with extended structures. The synthesis and properties of MOFs constitute the primary focus of the discipline called reticular chemistry (from Latin reticulum, "small net"). Other possible applications of MOFs are in gas purification, in gas separation, in water remediation, in catalysis, as conducting solids and as supercapacitors. Because of this property, MOFs are of interest for the storage of gases such as hydrogen and carbon dioxide. ![]() In most cases for MOFs, the pores are stable during the elimination of the guest molecules (often solvents) and could be refilled with other compounds. Most of the MOFs reported in the literature are crystalline compounds, but there are also amorphous MOFs, and other disordered phases. Coordination networks including MOFs further belong to coordination polymers, which is a coordination compound with repeating coordination entities extending in one, two, or three dimensions. MOFs are a subclass of coordination networks, which is a coordination compound extending, through repeating coordination entities, in one dimension, but with cross-links between two or more individual chains, loops, or spiro-links, or a coordination compound extending through repeating coordination entities in two or three dimensions. An extended structure is a structure whose sub-units occur in a constant ratio and are arranged in a repeating pattern. More formally, a metal–organic framework is a potentially porous extended structure made from metal ions and organic linkers. The organic ligands included are sometimes referred to as "struts" or "linkers", one example being 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid (BDC). Metal–organic frameworks ( MOFs) are a class of compounds consisting of metal clusters (also known as SBUs) coordinated to organic ligands to form one-, two-, or three-dimensional structures. ![]() Electron micrograph of a MIL-101 crystal showing its supertetrahedra Each green octahedron consists of one Cr atom in the center and six oxygen atoms (red balls) at the corners. Class of chemical substance Synthesis of the MIL-101 MOF.
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